On-farm maize insect pest and mycotoxin levels in Ghana

Vortrag

Autor/innen

  • James K. Danso Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
  • Naomi Manu Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
  • Enoch A. Osekre Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
  • George P. Opit Oklahoma State University, 216 Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078
  • Paul R. Armstrong USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
  • Frank H. Arthur USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
  • James F. Campbell USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
  • George N. Mbata Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA 31930, USA
  • Samuel G. McNeill University of Kentucky, Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Princeton, KY, 42445, USA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5073/jka.2018.463.199

Schlagworte:

insect infestation, aflatoxin, fumonisin, maize post-harvest loss, food security

Abstract

Maize post-harvest losses are perennial in Ghana but reliable comparative information on on-farm losses of maize produced in the Middle and Northern Belts of Ghana is lacking. Two studies were conducted from September 2015 to February 2016 to identify factors contributing to on-farm losses of maize in these two Belts. In the Northern Belt, the study was conducted in six communities including Adubiyili, Diari, Pong-Tamale, Savelugu, Toroyili and Zamnayili; and in the Middle Belt, in Ejura, Sekyedumase and Amantin communities. Moisture content, percent weight loss, percent insect damaged kernels (IDK) on numerical basis (%IDKnb) and percent IDK by weight basis (%IDKwb), insect pest abundance, and mycotoxin levels were estimated. Moisture content values of maize at pre-harvest and heaping stages in all nine communities were below 15%. Sitophilus zeamais, Sitotroga cerealella, Cathartus quadricollis, and Carpophilus dimidiatus were found to attack maize onfarm in communities in the Middle Belt, but no adult insect pests were collected on pre-harvested maize in the Northern Belt. The %IDKnb values on-farm in all nine communities were < 2% per 250 g. Mean aflatoxin levels below 15 ppb were obtained from pre-harvested maize in both regions but levels above 15 ppb were obtained from heaped maize on-farm. Fumonisin levels of maize were below 4 ppm on pre-harvested and in heaped maize in both regions. Results show that heaping maize on-farm increases aflatoxin levels beyond the acceptable threshold level and should not be practiced.

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Veröffentlicht

2018-11-05

Ausgabe

Nr. 463 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018

Rubrik

Session 8: Postharvest Management and Extension in Developing Countries

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