Fumigant toxicity of garlic essential oil in combination with carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) against stored-product insects

Autor/innen

  • A. A. Işikber Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Agriculture Faculty, Plant Protection Department, 46060 Kahramanmaraş, Email: isikber@ksu.edu.tr

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5073/jka.2010.425.167.091

Abstract

Fumigant toxicity of garlic essential oil alone and in combination with carbon dioxide (92% CO2) to adults and pupae of Tribolium confusum and Ephestia kuehniella at 24 h of exposure time was studied. Results indicated that adults of E. kuehniella were the most sensitive, since garlic essential oil alone resulted in their complete mortality at each concentration, whereas adults of T. confusum were the most tolerant with LC90 value of 30 μL L-1. In contrast to the results for the adults, pupae of T. confusum were more sensitive with LC90 value of 11.1 μL L-1 than those of E. kuehniella with LC90 value of 27.4 μL L-1. When 92% CO2 was combined with garlic essential oil, the LC50 and LC90 values for adult of T. confusum and pupa of T. confusum and E. kuehniella were significantly reduced. Combination of garlic essential oil with 92% CO2 produced decrements in LC90 value of E. kuehniella pupa from 27.4 to 0.95 μL L-1, while it resulted in reduction in LC90 value of T. confusum pupa from 11.1 to 1.0 μL L-1. Combination of garlic essential oil with 92% CO2 also produced significant decrements in LC90 value for adults of T. confusum (4.9-fold) compared with those exposed to garlic essential oil alone. These results indicated that 92% CO2 had a synergistic effect on toxicity of garlic essential oil to T. confusum and E. kuehniella. In conclusion, present study revealed that the combination of garlic essential oil with CO2 enhanced its fumigant toxicity to stored product insects.  

Keywords: Garlic essential oil, Carbon dioxide, Tribolium confusum, Ephestia kuehniella, Fumigant toxicity, Synergistic effect

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Veröffentlicht

2010-09-02

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Rubrik

Section: Fumigation, Modified Atmospheres and Hermetic Storage