Die Meiosis von di- und tetraploidem <i>Vitis vinifera</i> "Riesling"
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5073/vitis.1972.11.89-98Abstract
An einer spontan aufgetretenen tetraploiden Mutante der Sorte Riesling und der diploiden Ausgangsform wurde der Ablauf der Meiosis untersucht.
- Die Pollenfertilität der diploiden Variante betrug im Versuchsjahr 1971 34%. In der Diakinese wurden 18,7 Bivalente/Zelle gebildet, davon lagen durchschnittlich 2,7/Zelle als Ringbivalente vor. Es wurden 0-4, d. h. im Durchschnitt 0,7 Univalente/Zelle gebildet. Die Chiasmafrequenz pro Zelle variierte von 19-24 und zeigte eine durchschnittliche Frequenz von 21,35. Die Chiasmafrequenz pro Bivalent betrug 1,14. Der weitere Ablauf der Meiosis war fast völlig normal. Während der Verteilung der Chromosomen in der Anaphase I und bei der Tetradenbildung konnten keine Störungen beobachtet werden.
- Die Pollenfertilität der tetraploiden Variante betrug nur 15%. In der Diakinese wurden 1-9 Quadrivalente, im Durchschnitt 5 Quadrivalente/Zelle gebildet. Trivalente traten in einer Häufigkeit von 0-2, durchschnittlich 0,4, pro Zelle auf. Univalente wurden in einer Häufigkeit von 1,6/Zelle mit einer Variation von 0-7 beobachtet.
Zwölf verschiedene Multivalentkonfigurationen konnten identifiziert werden. Am häufigsten traten Ketten (31%) und Ringe (18%) auf.
Die während der Meiosis aufgetretenen Störungen wurden anhand der Mikronuklei in den Tetraden ausgezählt. In 16% der Tetraden konnten Mikronuklei beobachtet werden. - Die Reduktion der Pollenfertilität bei der tetraploiden Variante kann zumindest zum Teil auf die während der Meiosis aufgetretenen Störungen zurückgeführt werden. Diese Störungen wurden wahrscheinlich weniger durch die Quadrivalente hervorgerufen, die fast immer normal getrennt und verteilt wurden, als durch die höhere Anzahl von Univalenten und das Auftreten von Trivalenten.
Meiosis of diploid and tetraploid Vitis vinifera "Riesling"
- The microsporogenesis was studied in a diploid and tetraploid strain of the variety Riesling. The pollen fertility of the diploid strain was 34% in 1971. In the diakinesis 18.7 bivalents per cell were formed, of which, on average, 2.7% were closed bivalents. The average number of univalents per cell was 0.7, varying from O to 4. Chiasma frequency .per cell varied from 19 to 24, with a mean of 21.35. The chiasma frequency per bivalent was 1.14. The further stages of microsporogenesis were almost completely normaL-No irregularities were observed during separation in anaphase I and formation of tetrads.
- The pollen fertility of the tetraploid strain was only 16%. A variation between 1 and 9 quadrivalents was observed during the diakinesis, the average being 5 quadrivalents per cell. Trivalents were formed at an average of 0.4 per cell and univalents occurred with a frequency of 1.6 per cell, varying from O to 7.
Twelve different configurations of multivalents could be identified. Chains and
rings were the multivalent configurations most frequently formed, i. e. 49%. The irregularities which had appeared during microsporogenesis were ascertained by counting the micronuclei in the tetrads. - The reduction of pollen fertility in the tetraploid strain can, to some extent, probably be traced back to the irregularities which occurred during microsporogenesis. These irregularities were probably less due to the quadrivalents, which were usually separated quite normally, but rather to the higher frequency of univalents and the occurrence of trivalents.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
The content of VITIS is published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. Any user is free to share and adapt (remix, transform, build upon) the content as long as the original publication is attributed (authors, title, year, journal, issue, pages) and any changes to the original are clearly labeled. We do not prohibit or charge a fee for reuse of published content. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in any publication herein, even if not specifically indicated, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations. The submitting author agrees to these terms on behalf of all co-authors when submitting a manuscript. Please be aware that this license cannot be revoked. All authors retain the copyright on their work and are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements.