The first survey of pome fruit viruses in Morocco

Autor/innen

  • M. Afechtal
  • K. Djelouah
  • A. M. D’Onghia

Abstract

Considering the limited information on the presence and incidence of pome fruit virus and viroid diseases in Morocco, a preliminary assessment of the presence of pome fruit viruses in Morocco was carried out. Twenty orchards and nurseries were surveyed in the regions of Midelt, Meknès and Azilal. A total of 100 samples (apples and pears) were collected and tested. Biological indexing was made in a acclimatised greenhouse using the following indicators: Malus pumila cvs. ‛Spy 227’, ‛Radiant’ and ‛R 12740 7A’, and Pyrus communis cv. ‛LA/62’. All samples were also tested by ELISA for the presence of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) and Apple mosaic virus (ApMV). The prevailing viruses infecting apple were ACLSV (71%) and ASPV (58%), whereas ASGV was found in 12 tested trees. The same viruses were present, but less frequently, in pear: ACLSV (61%), Pear Vein Yellows Virus (PVYV) (25%) and ASGV (18%). Only four apple trees were found to be infected by ApMV. Additional RT-PCR testing confirmed the high incidence of ACLSV and ASPV.

This was the first report of the presence of pome fruit viruses in Morocco, indicating the high infection rate worsened by the recent report of the presence of fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) in the country. Moreover, a total of 168 apples and 81 pears were sampled and tested for pome fruit viroids Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd), Apple dimple fruit viroid (ADFVd) and Pear blister canker viroid (PBCVd) by tissue printing hybridization. No viroids were detected.

Keywords: pome fruit, viruses, viroids, Morocco, ELISA, Tissue printing hybridization, PCR

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Veröffentlicht

2010-09-29

Ausgabe

Nr. 427 (2010): Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Virus and other Graft Transmissible Diseases of Fruit Crops

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