Sphaceloma plantaginis-lanceolatae sp. nov., a new pathogen on Plantago L.*
Sphaceloma plantaginis-lanceolatae sp. nov., ein neues Pathogen an Plantago L.
Journal für Kulturpflanzen, 67 (9). S. 320–322, 2015, ISSN 1867-0911, DOI: 10.5073/JfK.2015.09.03, Verlag Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart
Sphaceloma plantaginis-lanceolatae sp. nov., a new species collected on Plantago lanceolata L., differs from Sphaceloma plantaginis, Jenkins & Bitanc., in the diameter of the acervuli and in length and width of the conidia.
Key words: Sphaceloma plantaginis-lanceolatae sp. nov., Plantago lanceolata, symptoms, systematics, new species
Sphaceloma plantaginis-lanceolatae sp. nov., eine neue Art an Plantago lancelata L., unterscheidet sich von Sphaceloma plantaginis, Jenkins & Bitanc., in den Maßen der Acervuli und in Länge und Breite der Konidien.
Stichwörter: Sphaceloma plantaginis-lanceolatae sp. nov., Plantago lanceolata, Symptome, Systematik, neue Art
On plantain (Plantago spp.) we know hitherto from the genus Sphaceloma only Sphaceloma plantaginis Jenkins and Bitanc., 1946. On stalks of Plantago lanceolata originating from a field of cultivated plantain as medicinal plant at Alberndorf in Upper Austria a Sphaceloma species was identified. It differs in the size of the acervuli, length and width of conidia to Sphaceoloma plantaginis, Jenkins & Bitanc.
For the determination of the fungus the usual mycological routine methods of light microscopy were adopted. Acervuli and conidia of the fungus were stained with Wittmann’s Blue (Wittmann, 1970). Both have been measured using the programme labSens by Olympus.
In 1938 a specimen of Sphaceloma on Plantago formosana Tateishi & Masam., collected on May 16, 1928, was sent to A. Jenkins by K. Sawada (Jenkins and Bitancourt, 1946). The specimen showed abundant leaf and peduncle spotting. In 1939 Jenkins and Bitancourt found the same type of spotting on Plantago rugelii Decne. in Washington D.C., subsequently the same fungus on plantain in New Jersey, Michigan, Indiana and Illinois. O.C. Boyd collected on 14 September 1940 this Sphaceloma on Plantago major L. (Jenkins and Bitancourt, 1946).*
Jenkins and Bitancourt (1946) described this Sphaceloma on Plantago formosana and Pl. major as Sphaceloma plantaginis. They described this new species as follows: acervuli circular to elliptical, 15–65 μm in diameter, may be confluent, hyaline to brown, conidiophores closely grouped, pointed, 8–10 × 2.6–3.3 μm, hyaline to coloured, conidia spherical to elliptical or oblong, often biguttulate, usually 5–10 × 2–4 μm (with an average of 2,5 μm), swelling and becoming 2-celled and coloured.
Recently Sphaceloma lanceolata was found in the phyllosphere of Plantago laneceolata in Poland by Zimowska (2013).
The conidia of the new species differ in length and width from Sphaceloma plantaginis, Jenkins & Bitanc. The conidia are 5.55–11.43 μm long (average 8.12 μm) and 1.28–2.91 μm wide (average 1.96 μm).
The acervuli of the new species are roundish to oblong-oval, 183–434 μm long with an average of 296 μm and 80–160 μm wide with an average of 116 μm. They are not swelling and not becoming 2-celled.
Sphaceloma plantaginis-lanceolatae Bedlan sp. nov.
Index Fungorum IF551516
On stalks elongate dark brown to black-brown spots. Conidiomata (acervuli) on all sides of the stalks slightly amphigenous, viewing from above with a circular to elliptical ostiole-like hyaline opening. The acervuli on the stalks measure 183–434 × 80–160 μm (average 296 × 116 μm) (Fig. 1–3).
Fig. 1. Acervuli on a stalk of Plantago lanceolata.
Fig. 2. Acervuli on a stalk of Plantago lanceolata (transmitted light).
Fig. 3. Acervuli on a stalk of Plantago lanceolata (transmitted light) showing an ostiole like opening.
The conidia are hyaline, oblong-cylindrical, rounded at the ends, 5.55–11.43 μm long with an average of 8.12 μm and 1.28–2.91 μm wide with an average of 1.96 μm (Fig. 4–5).
Fig. 4. Conidia of Sphaceloma plantaginis-lanceolatae.
Fig. 5. Transversal section of a stalk with an acervulus (stained with Wittmann’s Blue).
On stalks of Plantago lanceolata L.
Type: Austria, Alberndorf, local centre Hadersdorf (Upper Austria). On stalks of Plantago lanceolata L., 21 October 2005, submitted by (leg.) H. Köppl, det. G. Bedlan (holotype, hb W).
The type specimen has been deposited at the department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Vienna (hb W).
Jenkins, A.E., A.A. Bitancourt, 1946: A new species of Sphaceloma causing scab of plantain (Plantago). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences Vol. 36, No. 7, 225-227.
Wittmann, W., 1970: Ein neues Rezept zur Herstellung mykologischer Präparate. PflSchber., Bd. 41, Heft 5/6/7, 91-94.
Zimowska, B., 2013: Diversity of fungi colonizing and damaging selected parts of ribwort (Plantago lanceolata L.). Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus 12 (3), 91-103.
Footnotes:
Re-publishing of this article from issue 8-2015 – due to an editorial misunderstanding – to obtain a registration number for the new species pursuant to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code). |
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