Using hyperspectral remote sensing to map grape quality in 'Tempranillo' vineyards affected by iron deficiency chlorosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5073/vitis.2007.46.7-14Keywords:
chlorophyll, iron deficiency, image processing, management zones, must composition, radiative transfer, remote sensing, Vitis vinifera L.Abstract
The objectives of this work were
- to investigate the relationships between chlorophyll a+b concentration in leaves (Cab) and grape composition parameters in vineyards affected by iron chlorosis, and
- study whether the assessment of Cab from hyperspectral remote sensing imagery could be useful to map different potential quality zones in these vineyards.
A field trial was conducted in a vineyard with the chlorosis susceptible cultivar. 'Tempranillo', over '110 Richter', located in Northern Spain. Three experimental treatments were applied: 0, 2, and 4 foliar sprayings with a ligninsulphonate derived product (10 % water soluble Fe) in a randomized design with 3 replications. The yield and grape composition parameters at harvest were measured for each base-plot (10x10 m in size), and related with chlorophyll concentration in leaves. On the other hand, a total of 24 'Tempranillo' commercial vineyards were identified for field and airborne data collection with CASI hyperspectral sensor, comprising 103 study areas of 10x10 m in size. A total of 1467 leaves were collected for determining pigment concentration and optical properties. Several narrow-band vegetation indices were calculated from leaf reflectance spectra. Results of trial showed that the lack of pigmentation in leaves was a major factor limiting grape ripening. Significant linear regressions between Cab and total soluble solids concentration and colour density of the must were detected. Estimation of Cab using the image-calculated TCARI/OSAVI through the PROSPECT-rowMCRM model simulation for all study zones, including the specific ligninsulphonate experiment, demonstrated the potential of hyperspectral imagery for mapping Cab in vineyards for chlorosis detection using remote sensing methods. Given the described relationship between Cab and quality parameters in vineyards affected by iron chlorosis, high-spatial resolution imagery with narrow bands might enable the segmentation in areas of potential quality in the framework of precision viticulture.
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