Establishment of embryogenic cultures in several cultivars of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> and <i>V.</i> x <i>labruscana</i>
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5073/vitis.1997.36.141-145Keywords:
adventitious embryos, embryogenic calli, grapevine, ovary culture, plant regenerationAbstract
Establishment of embryoenic cultures was examined for different tissue explants in 23 cultivars of grapevine (Vitis spp.). The explants were initially cultured on callus induction media (C media) for 2 months; and those producing calli were then transferred to an embryogenesis induction medium (E medium) containing 1 µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), on which adventitious embryos or embryogenic calli were induced 4 to 6 months after transfer. C media containing 10 µM 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) in combination with 10 µM N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N'-phenylurea (CPPU) or N-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl)-N'-phenylurea (TDZ) were suitable for inducing subsequent adventitious embryogenesis from leaf explants of V. vinifera Koshusanjaku. Adventitious embryogenesis was more efficiently induced from immature ovary explants than leaf and anther ones. Among 23 cultivars examined, embryogenic cultures, such as embryogenic calli or adventitious embryos proliferating via secondary embryogenesis, were established in 10 cultivars including V. vinifera Sekirei, Rosario Bianco, Semillon and Merlot, and V. x labruscana Delaware. These embryogenic cultures could be maintained without loosing a high regeneration capacity for over 20 months by subculturing onto fresh E medium. They could be useful as a target material for Agrobacterium- or particle gun-mediated genetic transformation.Downloads
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