Cadmiumtoxizität bei Weinreben

Abstract

Toxicity of cadmium to grapevine

Cultings of the cv. Riesling were cultivated in nutrient solutions with different amounts of cadmium.

1. Cadmium inhibited the growth of shoot and of leaf area and produced chlorosis, necroses and leaf deformations. Old leaves showed no symptoms at all, but with high cadmium levels leaf fall occurred.
2. The threshold of cadmium damage was beneath a level of 0.1 ppm Cd of the nutrient solution.
3. The dry matter production of the plants was reduced by cadmium: 0.66 mg Cd/l of nutrient solution caused an inhibition of 50 %.
4. Cadmium reduced the chlorophyll content of the leaves.
5. The transport of iron from roots to leaves was inhibited nearly complete ly by medium to high levels of cadmium {1.0, 3.0, 10.0 ppm). Iron was accumulated in the roots. Thus cadmium may have caused an iron deficiency chloros is in grapevines.
6. The uptake of cadmium showed a clear dependence on the amount of cadmium in the nutrient solution . Within the plants, decreasing amounts of cadmium were found following the pattern roots - stem - leaves.