Premières observations sur le déterminisme génétique de la polyembryonie spontanée chez un hybride interspécifique <i>Vitis vinifera</i> x <i>V. riparia</i>
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5073/vitis.1982.21.33-39Abstract
Les pépins de la variété hybride 65-1 Kuhlman (Vitis vinifera x V. riparia) présentent un taux de polyembryonie de l'ordre de 5 %, très supérieur aux taux observés jusqu'à présent dans les variétés de V. vinifera.
L'étude cytologique d'un certain nombre d'embryons multiples confirme que cette variété pourrait être une source de plantes haploïdes dans le genre Vitis.
Les taux de polyembryonie observés sur des plants de semis issus de croisements entre la variété 65-1 Kuhlman et différents cépages de V. vinifera varient de 0 à 7,7 %, ce qui permet d'envisager l'introduction par rétrocroisements du caractère de polyembryonie dans des génotypes de V. vinifera.
En ce qui concerne l'hérédité du caractère, les résultats obtenus ne permettent pas de tirer des conclusions définitives, mais n'excluent cependant pas la possibilité d'un déterminisme génétique relativement simple.
Preliminary observations on genetic determination of spontaneous polyembryony in an interspecific hybrid, Vitis vinifera x V. riparia
Seeds of the hybrid cv. 65-1 Kuhlman (Vitis vinifera x V. riparia) show a percentage of polyembryony of about 5 %, much superior to the rates observed in the V. vinifera varieties.
Cytological studies made on multiple embryos suggest this variety to be a potential source of haploids in Vitis.
The expression of polyembryony was investigated in the progenies of the cv. 65-1 Kuhlman crossed with different V. vinifera varieties. Highest percentage of polyembryony observed on a seedling plant is 7.7 %. Thus, introduction of this character into genotypes of V. vinifera by backcrossing seems possible.
The results obtained do not allow final conclusions about heritability of polyembryony, but, nevertheless, there may be a relatively simple genetic determination of this character.
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