Histologische Untersuchungen an Weinbeeren
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5073/vitis.1981.20.1-7Abstract
Die Histologie der Weinbeere war schon mehrfach Gegenstand wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen. Neben dem Aufbau der Gesamtbeere wurde in verschiedenen Arbeiten der Beerenhaut besondere Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt. Sie besitzt hohe mechanische Schutzeigenschaften. Einerseits wirkt sie dem Aufplatzen der Beere entgegen (MEYNHARDT 1964), andererseits bildet sie einen Schutz gegen pilzliche Infektionen im Laufe der Beerenentwicklung (BERNARD 1976, 1977 a und b). Die Tatsache, daß der Aufbau der Beerenhaut sortenspezifische Unterschiede aufweist (PRATT 1971), läßt eine Ergänzung der Untersuchungen im Hinblick auf mögliche Beziehungen zur Pilzresistenz der Beeren gerechtfertigt erscheinen.
Histological investigations with grapevine berries
Comparative histological investigations have been carried out with berries of the grapevine varieties Aris, Bacchus, Pollux, Morio-Muskat, Müller-Thurgau, Portugieser, Riesling and Vitis labrusca.
- Thickness of cuticle ranges from 1.6 ftm (Morio-Muskat, Portugieser) to 3.8 µm (Aris) and decreases slightly with increasing ripeness.
- Epidermis is between 6.5 µm (Portugieser) and 10.0 µm (Aris) in thickness.
- Thickness of hypodermis ranges from 107 µm (Portugieser) to 246 µm (V. labrusca).
- The number of the subepidermal cell layers varies between 9.3 (Portugieser) and 11.1 (Müller-Thurgau).
- The distance of the vascular bundles to the berry surface ranges from 200 µm to 300 µm. Only for V. labrusca a distance of 500 to 550 µm has been measured.
- The results are discussed with regard to possible correlations with resistance to Botrytis (gray rot) and to cracking of berries.
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