Detection of <i>Pear Vein Yellows</i> Disease caused by <i>Apple stem pitting virus</i> (ASPV) in Hatay province of Turkey
Abstract
Pear vein yellows disease (PVYD) caused by Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) was studied in 9 pear orchards and 3 nurseries in Hatay province of Turkey. A survey was carried out to inspect the symptoms of PVYD on pear (Pyrus communis). Leaf symptoms consist of yellow vein banding, reddening and flecking along the veins that were observed during the late spring to winter (dropping leaves). ApMv, ACLSV which are important viruses of pome fruits were also investigated on pear orchards and several quince (Pyrus cydonia) trees in pear orchards. The shoot and leaf samples were taken randomly from inspected trees in orchards and seedlings in nurseries for ApMv, ACLSV and for ASPV in April of 2008 and 2009. A total of 20 pear samples from 15 symptomatic and 5 asymptomatic young trees of local pear cultivars (‘Mustafa Bey’ and ‘Ankara’ cvs.) and 6 from quince (unknown cultivar) were collected. All samples were detected for the presence of the viruses by ELISA. Fifteen samples (ten samples selected from symptomatic plants and 5 samples from asymptomatic trees) were also tested for the viruses by Bioassay-sap inoculation. Sap extracts were mechanically inoculated on some indicator plants (Chenopodium amaranthicolor, C. quinoa, Cucumis sativus, Gompherena globulosa, Nicotiana benthamiana, N. glutinosa, N. occidentalis). Although, mild symptoms including vein clearing and leaf necrosis were observed on N. glutinosa, and N. occidentalis test plants, in general, no symptoms associated with the investigated viruses appeared on test plants. Some samples from local pear cultivars in Hatay were found to be infected with PVYD by serological tests. ASPV was found to be present in 60% of the ELISA-tested samples in 2008. This preliminary study demonstrated that a high rate of ASPV infection was present for local pear cvs. in the province. ApMV, ACLSV infections were not tested in detected samples.Keywords: ELISA, Ilarvirus, pear, pome fruit, test plant
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2010-09-29
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