Seed dormancy and endogenous growth substances in Anab-e-Shahi grapes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5073/vitis.1976.15.5-10Abstract
Auxin, gibberellin and inhibitor contents were estimated in the freshly extracted seeds as well as in those moist stratified for 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days. The maximum seed germination was obtained when the seeds were stratified for 60 days. Auxin activity increased with the increase in the period of stratification and was found to be at its maximum in the germinating seeds. Fully ripe freshly extracted seeds did not show any gibberellin-like activity. It was maximum in the extracts of the seeds moist-stratified for 60 days. Abscisic acid-like inhibitor was present in the extracts of the fully ripe fresh seeds. Its quantity decreased with the period of stratification and was minimum when the seeds were stratified for 45 and 90 days. From these studies, it may be postulated that the seed germination in grapes is regulated by the appearance of growth promoting substances like auxins and gibberellins during stratification and disappearance of inhibitors like abscisic acid. In all the cultivars, stratification for 60 days was sufficient to create these conditions for the best seed germination.
Samenruhe und endogene Wachstumsregulatoren bei der Rebensorte Anab-e-Shahi
Der Gehalt an Auxin, Gibberellin und Hemmstoffen in frisch isolierten Samen von Anab-e-Shahi sowie in Samen, die 30, 45, 60, 75 und 90 Tage lang feucht stratifiziert worden waren, wurde bestimmt. Durch 60tägige Stratifikation wurde die Keimung am stärksten gefördert. Mit der Dauer der Stratifikation nahm auch die Auxinaktivität zu, um ihr Maximum in den keimenden Samen zu erreichen. Voll ausgereifte, frisch isolierte Samen zeigten keinerlei Gibberellin-artige Aktivität. Eine solche war in den Extrakten von Samen, die 60 Tage lang feucht stratifiziert worden waren, im Maximum vorhanden. In den Extrakten voll ausgereifter, frischer Samen trat ein Abscisinsäure-artiger Hemmstoff auf. Seine Konzentration nahm mit fortschreitender Stratifikation ab und erreichte ihr Minimum nach 45 und 90 Tagen. Aufgrund der vorliegenden Untersuchungen kann angenommen werden, daß die Samenkeimung bei Reben durch das verstärkte Auftreten wachstumsfördernder Substanzen wie Auxine und Gibberelline im Laufe der Stratifikation und den Rückgang Abscisinsäure-artiger Hemmstoffe reguliert wird. Auch bei anderen Rebensorten genügte durchweg eine 60tägige Stratifikation, um die bestmöglichen Bedingungen für die Samenkeimung zu schaffen.
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