Monitoring of total copper contents in organically and conventionally managed soils. Part 4: – Total contents in German pomiculture soils

Authors

  • Thomas Strumpf Julius Kühn-Institut – Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen, Institut für ökologische Chemie, Pflanzenanalytik und Vorratsschutz, Berlin-Dahlem
  • Jörn Strassemeyer Julius Kühn-Institut – Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen, Institut für Strategien und Folgenabschätzung, Klein­machnow
  • Jutta Kienzle Forschung im Ökologischen Obstbau, Kernen
  • Gerd Palm Obstbauversuchsanstalt (OVA) der LWK Niedersachsen, Esteburg, Obstbauzentrum, Jork
  • Karsten Klopp Obstbauversuchsanstalt (OVA) der LWK Niedersachsen, Esteburg, Obstbauzentrum, Jork
  • Adrian Engel Pflanzenschutzdienst LWK Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bonn-Roleber
  • Heinrich-Ludger Rövekamp Landesverband Obstbau Westfalen-Lippe, Münster-Wolbeck
  • Sandra Müller Obstbauberatung LWK Nordrhein-Westfalen, Münster-Wolbeck
  • Martin Balmer DLR Rheinpfalz, Rheinbach
  • Jürgen Zimmer DLR Rheinpfalz, Rheinbach
  • Dieter Felgentreu Julius Kühn-Institut – Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen, Institut für ökologische Chemie, Pflanzenanalytik und Vorratsschutz, Berlin-Dahlem

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5073/JfK.2012.12.01

Keywords:

Total contents of copper, control of fungi, Venturia ssp., Nectria galligena, organically and conventionally managed pomiculture soils, load situation in pomiculture, risk potential, exposure assessment, preselection of adequate monitoring areas

Abstract

Implications of long-term usage of copper fungicides on sustainable soil quality have been described for a long time, and according to the regulation of active substances, are objective of a survey on copper contents in agricultural soils in several EU member countries.

1613 single samples from the soil horizon 0–5 and 5–20 cm were taken from 40 organically and 12 conventionally managed pomiculture sites trying to make reference to all aspects relevant for a representative assessment of copper loads. The result of that survey is intended to enable the selection of site-typical types of cultivation being the prerequisite of an assessment of effects to the earthworm coenosis in combination with a refined exposure analysis.

On the basis of total contents, the copper load and their distribution on test and reference fields of German pomiculture cultivation sites is presented including the minimum, maximum and mean value as well as percentiles. Additionally, the heavy metal content in general was determined and differences in copper contents between tree row and driving lines were identified.

Comparing managing history and current management, it is obvious that load peaks result from copper applications between 1960 to 1995, when between 10 to 13 kg copper per ha and year were applied to control plant diseases. The evaluation of bio available copper, resulting from aged total copper contents, is not yet completely finished.

By means of data, generated in preliminary samplings concerning load situation, site description and duration of management, 2–3 pomiculture sites are suggested being appropriate to assess the recent situation of soil quality in terms of responses on a population level.

 

 

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Published

2012-12-01

Issue

Vol. 64 No. 12 (2012)

Section

Original Article

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